nomina sacra - David, Jerusalem, Israel (Cresswell) - Herculaneum and ancient manuscripts - Epistle of Barnabas - tertiary

Steven Avery

Steven Avery

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Also check where Herculaneum, supplied an exemplar for a Sinaiticus feature?

Herculaneum papyri
en.wikipedia.org

Herculaneum papyri - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org

PBF
Herculaneum papyri - "great seal of antiquity" - Howard Townsend, 1863
https://www.purebibleforum.com/inde...t-seal-of-antiquity-howard-townsend-1863.289/

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PBF

Search results for query: Nomina sacra
https://www.purebibleforum.com/index.php?search/100369/&q=Nomina+sacra&c[title_only]=1&o=date

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BCHF - Sinaiticus nomina sacra for the "anointed one" in the OT
https://www.purebibleforum.com/inde...na-sacra-for-the-anointed-one-in-the-ot.3003/

BCHF - Chester Beatty VI Papyrus - Joshua nomina sacra
https://www.purebibleforum.com/inde...r-beatty-vi-papyrus-joshua-nomina-sacra.3002/

Ludwig Traube on nomina sacra forms that may come from specific mss.
https://www.purebibleforum.com/inde...a-forms-that-may-come-from-specific-mss.3020/

nomina sacra - David, Jerusalem, Israel - Herculaneum and ancient manuscripts
https://www.purebibleforum.com/index.php?threads/n0mina-sacra-david-jerusalem-israel.5412/

Gregory Paulson - tertiary nomina sacra - Larry Hurtado
https://www.purebibleforum.com/inde...son-tertiary-nomina-sacra-larry-hurtado.4836/

nomina sacra bibliography
https://www.purebibleforum.com/index.php?threads/nomina-sacra-bibliography.4837/

private - Jonathan E. Soyers - Hermas (Pauline legacy) nomina sacra for Christ
https://www.purebibleforum.com/inde...-pauline-legacy-nomina-sacra-for-christ.4022/

abbreviations including nomina sacra
https://www.purebibleforum.com/index.php?threads/abbreviations-including-nomina-sacra.2906/
Edward D. Andrews

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Peter Cresswell superb paragraph
https://www.purebibleforum.com/index.php?threads/nomina-sacra-bibliography.4837/#post-23047

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Dirk Jongkind section

Martijn Linssen

Gregory Paulson

S. Walch
Philip Comfort
b-Greek
Nomina Sacra (2011)
https://www.ibiblio.org/bgreek/forum/viewtopic.php?t=226

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NEW TESTAMENT TEXTUAL STUDIES: What Are the Nomina Sacra and Their Origin?
Edward D. Andrews
https://christianpublishinghouse.co...s-what-are-the-nomina-sacra-and-their-origin/

graphs - charts

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Steven Avery

Steven Avery

Administrator
David is the most problematic so far.

Jerusalem and Israel behind.

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Checking for full list.

Jongkind or Comfort ?

Jongkind on p. 53 of Scribal Habits
 
Steven Avery

Steven Avery

Administrator
Also Nomina Sacra in here

Codex Sinaiticus
New Perspectives on the Ancient Biblical Manuscript
edited by Scot McKendrick, David Parker, Amy Myshrall and Cillian O’Hogan

MANY HITS
1756336348610.png
 
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Steven Avery

Steven Avery

Administrator
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Steven Avery

Steven Avery

Administrator
"Encountering the Manuscripts: An Introduction to New Testament Paleography & Textual Criticism" by Philip Comfort to Mr Penner's list. He has a whole chapter of the book dedicated to a discussion on the NS, pp. 199-254.
https://www.ibiblio.org/bgreek/forum/viewtopic.php?t=226

Encountering the Manuscripts (2005)
http://books.google.com/books?id=nPVHbSscCwYC&pg=PA199
Footnote
http://books.google.com/books?id=m-q8xpqveREC&pg=PA368

Wikipedia
Comfort, Philip Wesley; Barrett, David (2001). Text of the Earliest New Testament Greek Manuscripts (2 ed.). Wheaton, Illinois: Tyndale House Publishers. pp. 34–35. ISBN 0-8423-5265-1.

Nerdy Biblical Language Majors
Dan Batovici
https://www.facebook.com/groups/NerdyLanguageMajors/posts/644848082284531/
Hi guys! Quick question: is anybody willing to provide me with a scan of the nomina sacra chapter in Philip Comfort’s A Commentary on the Manuscripts and Text of the New Testament (Kregel Academic, 2015), per chance? It's apparently on pages 31-41. Thanks!


Philip Comfort in Jongkind
1756345824128.png
 
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Steven Avery

Steven Avery

Administrator
wiki - Sinaiticus


Nomina sacra with overlines are employed throughout. Some words usually abbreviated in other manuscripts (such as πατηρ and δαυειδ), are written in both full and abbreviated forms. The following nomina sacra are written in abbreviated forms (nominative forms shown): ΘΣ (θεος / god), ΚΣ (κυριος / lord), ΙΣ (Ιησους / Jesus), ΧΣ (χριστος / Christ), ΠΝΑ(πνευμα / spirit), ΠΝΙΚΟΣ (πνευματικος / spiritual), ΥΣ (υιος / son), ΑΝΟΣ (ανθρωπος / man), ΟΥΟΣ (ουρανος / heaven), ΔΑΔ (Δαυιδ / David), ΙΛΗΜ (Ιερουσαλημ / Jerusalem), ΙΣΡΛ (Ισραηλ / Israel), ΜΗΡ (μητηρ / mother), ΠΗΡ (πατηρ / father), ΣΩΡ (σωτηρ / saviour).[14]: 22–50, 67–68 

Jongkind, Dirk (2007). Scribal Habits of Codex Sinaiticus. New Jersey: Gorgias Press LLC. ISBN 978-1593334222.
 
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Steven Avery

Steven Avery

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Epistle of Barnabas - nomina sacra

more book and article commentary available
Epistle text in book
AND
Codex Sinaiticus

Search on Google
https://www.google.com/search?client=firefox-b-1-d&q="318""jesus""Epistle""barnabas"+"nomina"

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Books and Readers in the Early Church
Harry Y. Gamble
https://www.google.com/books/edition/Books_and_Readers_in_the_Early_Church/2aEJfsXY57cC

1756385410619.png


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Mormon site
Thomas Bokedal on the Oldest Explicit Testimony to the Use of Nomina Sacra in the Epistle of Barnabas (2022)
https://scripturalmormonism.blogspot.com/2022/03/thomas-bokedal-on-oldest-explicit.html

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Barnabas 9. 7–9 and the Author's Supposed use of Gematria (2009)
Cambridge University Press
Reidar Hvalvik
https://www.cambridge.org/core/jour...-of-gematria/7EF13AC0CEB5A2E5D0C032396FA4896F

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Nomina Sacra: their Origin and Usefulness (2015)
James Snapp
https://www.thetextofthegospels.com/2015/03/nomina-sacra-their-origin-and-usefulness.html

In the second-century composition The Epistle of Barnabas, 9:7, the author mentions an allegorical, Christ-centered interpretation of Genesis 14:14; the author interpreted the unusual term “dedicated” (or “trained”) to mean that they were circumcised. The number 318, he says, illustrates a pattern of salvation; the idea is that just as Abraham’s servants rescued Lot from captivity, Jesus on the cross rescues souls held captive by sin, and this is shown by considering the component-parts of the quanitity of 318: “300” is the cross-shaped letter tau (300) and the letters iota and eta are the first two letters in the name Ιησους (that is, “Jesus” in Greek).

In addition to the idea that Jesus and the cross, together, had a spiritual significance, the numerical value of the word σταυρος may have had something to do with its adoption as a nomen sacrum. Using the normal list of numerical values, the total value of the letters in σταυρος is 1,270. But if the first two letters are combined as the obsolete letter stau, or stigma, then the numerical value of ϛ+α+υ+ρ+ο+ς = 6+1+400+100+70+200 = 777, which, to copyists in the 100s, might be seen as a sufficient reason to place it alongside Jesus’ name (the numeric value of which is 888) among the nomina sacra.
Click to expand...

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The Textual Mechanic
The Frankfurt Amulet, The Epistle of Barnabas, and Nomina Sacra (2023)
https://thetextualmechanic.blogspot.com/2025/01/the-frankfurt-amulet-epistle-of.html

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THE EPISTLE OF BARNABAS:
ITS QUOTATIONS AND THEIR SOURCES
by Robert Alan Kraft
PhD Thesis (Harvard University) April 1961
https://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/rak/publics/barn/barndiss01.htm
 
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Steven Avery

Steven Avery

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AI Overview

The early use of the Nomina Sacra by Pastor Rudolph ...

The term "David" (δαδ in Greek) is a nomen sacrum in the Codex Sinaiticus, indicating a shortened or abbreviated form of a "sacred name" or title written with a superior stroke.The practice of usingnomina sacra, or contractions, was developed by early Christians to show reverence for divine names, with the name "David" being used as a tertiary(less common) example of this practice in the biblical tradition.
 
Steven Avery

Steven Avery

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Gregory Paulson - tertiary nomina sacra - Larry Hurtado

Scribal habits in Codex Sinaiticus, Vaticanus, Ephraemi, Bezae, and Washingtonianus in the Gospel of Matthew (2013) Gregory Paulson https://era.ed.ac.uk/bitstream/handle/1842/8957/Paulson2013.pdf In the article, “The Origin of the Nomina Sacra” by Hurtado, it is noted that the words Ihsouj...
www.purebibleforum.com

nomina sacra - David, Jerusalem, Israel (Cresswell) - Herculaneum and ancient manuscripts - Epistle of Barnabas - tertiary

Also check where Herculaneum, supplied an exemplar for a Sinaiticus feature? Herculaneum papyri https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herculaneum_papyri PBF Herculaneum papyri - "great seal of antiquity" - Howard Townsend, 1863...
www.purebibleforum.com

abbreviations including nomina sacra

Andrews https://christianpublishinghouse.co/2018/03/14/new-testament-textual-studies-what-are-the-nomina-sacra-and-their-origin/ nomen sacrum θ̅ω̅ of 1 Corinthians 14:2 is referring to “God” the Father. - helping the reader differentiate between “God” the father and “god.” It is “God.” ΚΣ or...
www.purebibleforum.com
 
Steven Avery

Steven Avery

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"bokedal""irenaeus""rule of faith" "nomina sacra"

Tomas Bokedal's work connects the early Christian Rule of Faith (regula fidei), exemplified by figures like Irenaeus, with the scribal practice of nomina sacra (sacred names) to show how these elements shaped the emerging Biblical Canon, revealing deep theological intent in textual marking and doctrinal formation, highlighting Christ as the central focus. Bokedal argues that nomina sacra (abbreviations for divine names like 'God', 'Lord', 'Christ') weren't just scribal quirks but served as early creeds, indicating sacred status and paving the way for Old Testament texts to be seen alongside New Testament writings, unifying them under Christ's centrality
 
Steven Avery

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https://evangelicaltextualcriticism.blogspot.com/2022/12/amalar-of-metz-on-nomina.html

Anonymous12/24/2022
Peter Montoro

At one point, I looked at the nomina sacra forms of all early witnesses. The words that also occur as divine titles in the Greek OT witnesses (κυριος, θεος, etc) are completely consistent in spelling. The “new words” (ιησους, χριστος [new as a divine title]) are just as consistently nomina sacra, but they are not consistent in spelling. This suggests that scribes knew that they were supposed to be treated like θεος etc, but they were not quite sure what pattern to follow. If the manuscripts that first made it to the west followed the longer pattern, it would make perfect sense for that to become traditional. Once it had become traditional, there would be a very strong motivation not to change it, long after the true reason had been forgotten. In this context, it is perhaps not accidental that 05 has the longer form (that includes Η).

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Martijn Linssen1/02/2024 10:46 am
I have gone by all comments and Hugh Houghton has the most complete answer

My latest (https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0CKFD5J98) studies the main nomina sacra of the NT and LXX as well as NHL, the latter of which sheds light on the development of NS, as it only uses ⲡⲛⲉⲩⲙⲁ, ⲓ(ⲏ)ⲥ or ⲭ(ⲣ)ⲥ.
In all likelihood, that went about as follows (the basis is a likeness chronological order of Tractates in my book):

• ⲓⲏⲥ (started by Thomas)
• ⲓⲏⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲭⲣⲏⲥⲧⲟⲥ (started by A Valentinian Exposition)
• ⲓⲏⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲭⲣⲥ (started by Sophia of Jesus Christ / Tripartite Tractate)
• ⲓⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲭⲣⲥ (started by the Apocryphon of John)
• ⲓⲏⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲭⲥ (started by On the Origin of the World)
• ⲓⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲭⲥ (started by Gospel of the Egyptians)

The long version is the earliest, the short version the latest. Interestingly, long IS goes together with long XS, and the same goes for the short versions save for the inevitable - yet infrequent - exceptions.
ⲭⲣⲏⲥⲧⲟⲥ is the basis for ⲭ(ⲣ)ⲥ as such, it would seem.
Apocryphon of John and gospel of Philip are fairly decisive in this ordering, although the Tractates themselves also provide as lot of information, such as e.g. corroborating that Jesus Christ is a much later form - which the Gospels already demonstrate with their mere five instances, two of which appear in the starting verse to Mark and Matthew

Anyway - so the Latin probably wanted to give the impression of authenticity by using the earliest forms even if that implied using two letters that didn’t even exist in the alphabet

On a side note, here is the Coptic for INRI, with periods inserted for the two articles and the one genitive; IS the.Nazoraios, the.king of-the.Judai

ⲓ̅ⲥ̅ ⲡ.ⲛⲁⲍⲱⲣⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲡ.ⲣ̅ⲣⲟ ⲛ̅.ⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲇⲁⲓ̈

The ⲛ̅ is a double ⲛ; going by Horner it is consistently used by John, Mark and Luke while Matthew uses a double ⲛ
 
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