Marcan geography - Mark 7:31 - Wrong-way Corrigan and Mark 7:24

Steven Avery

Administrator
PBF

Swine Marathon From Gerasa ...
https://www.purebibleforum.com/inde...from-gerasa-mark-5-1-and-luke-8-26-8-37.3503/

Marcan geography - Mark 7:31 - Wrong-way Corrigan
https://www.purebibleforum.com/index.php?threads/marcan-geography.4946/#post-21062

It is true that "Wrong-way" was a cover story. :)

=====================

Mark 7:24 (AV)
And from thence he arose,
and went into the borders of Tyre and Sidon,
and entered into an house,
and would have no man know it:
but he could not be hid.

Mark 7:31 (AV)
And again, departing from the coasts of Tyre and Sidon,
he came unto the sea of Galilee,
through the midst of the coasts of Decapolis.

Textweek
http://www.textweek.com/mkjnacts/mark7b.htm

Jesus' " Journey " in Mark 7:31 - Interpretation and Historical Implications for Markan Authorship and Both the Scope and Impact of Jesus' Ministry (2016)
Michael V. Flowers

Church Father's Scriptural Index

LaParola
(how many more uncials Byzantine are hidden?)
(what is the ms. count)
http://www.laparola.net/greco/index.php?rif1=48&rif2=7:31

7:31 (Münster)

ἦλθεν διὰ Σιδῶνος] ‭א B D L Δ Θ* 33 565 700 892 1342 2427 ita (itaur) itb itc itd itf itff2 iti itl itn itr1 vg syrpal copsa(mss) copbo eth WH NR CEI TILC Nv NM

καὶ Σιδῶνος ἦλθεν] (see Mark 7:24) p45 A E F G H K N W X Θc Σ 0131 0211 f1 f13 28 157 180 205 579 597 1006 1009 1010 1071 1079 1195 1216 1230 1241 1242 1243 1253 1292 1344 1365 1424 1505 1546 1646 2148 2174 Byz Lect itq syrs syrp syrh copsa(mss) goth (arm) geo slav Diatessarona Diatessaronp ς ND Dio

Mark 7:24

Τύρου] D L W Δ Θ 28 565 l751 l890 ita itb itd itff2 iti itn itr1 syrs syrpal Origen Ambrosiaster WHmg NR Riv TILC

Τύρου καὶ Σιδῶνος] (see Matthew 15:21; Mark 7:31) ‭א A B E F G H K N X Π Σ f1 f13 33 157 180 205 579 597 700 892 1006 1009 1010 1071 1079 1195 1216 1230 1241 1242 1243 1253 1292 1342 1344 1365 1424 1505 1546 1646 2148 2174 2427 Byz Lect itaur itc itf itl itq vg syrp syrh copsa copbo goth arm eth geo slav Diatessarona Diatessaronp Jerome John-Damascusvid ς [WHtext] CEI ND Dio Nv NM

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Wieland
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17 versions

John Hurt

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Errors in 7:24 and 7:31 in corruption text explained well by:

The revisers' Greek text Volume One (1892)
Samuel Worcestor Whitney

https://archive.org/details/cu31924091301113/page/n218/mode/1up
DRP

Vol 2

p. 207-209
We have here the marginal note, “Some ancient authorities omit and Sidon” That is, they read “He arose and went away into the borders of Tyre." This reading is supported by D, I, Δ (Delta), two cursives (one of them being that “most carelessly written" cursive 28), six copies of the Old Latin, and Origen twice. (And he might very easily have omitted “and Sidon” more than twice if his purpose had been served thereby.) On the

Page n208

Other hand, the reading of the text, -" Tyre and Sidon " _ is al^undantly attested by S, A, B, E, F, G, H, K, M, N, S,' U, V A, 1, n, nearly all the cursives, six copies of the Old Latin, the Vulgate, the Memphitic, the Peshito and Philoxenian Syriac the Armenian, the Gothic, and the Ethiopic. Now let us pass on to verse 31, where the Revisers adopt the reading "And agam he went out from the borders of Tyre, and came through S.don unto the sea of Galilee, through the midst of the borders of Decapolis." This is attested by K, B, D, L, A, two cursives, all the copies of the Old Latin but one, the Vulgate the Memphitic, the Jerusalem Syriac, and the,Ethiopic. Of the two readings, — the marginal reading at verse 24 and that introduced into the text at verse 31, —while both date back to a very early day, the latter is evidently the older; for there is an obvious difference in their ages. And yet it is a strange reading. There is an unnaturalness about the phrasing. Why should Mark say that Jesus " came through Sidon to the Sea of Galilee," and then go back and say " through the midst of the borders of Decapolis," rather than " He came through Sidon and through the midst of the borders of Decapolis to the sea of Galilee" ? The construction looks suspicious. Besides, " Sidon " can mean only the city of that name. It cannot be taken as equivalent to " Sidonia " or " the borders of Sidon," any more than " Tyre " can be taken to denote the country round about Tyre or belonging to that city. The word is always used to denote the city itself. Now it is incredible that Mark really wrote that Jesus "came through [the city of] Sidon to the sea of Galilee, through the midst of the borders of Decapolis." This is not Mark's way of speaking. Moreover, Mark, of course, knew where Sidon was. Yet, if this strange reading is correct, we must believe that Jesus, on leaving the borders of Tyre for the Sea of Galilee, took the city of Sidon on his way, thereby going a number of miles in almost the opposite direction from Galilee, before turning his steps southward. The reading, viewed from more points than one,

Page n209

certainly looks suspicious. This, however, is simply because it is a false reading. An early careless copyist, who had no knowledge of the geography of Phenicia, evidently mistook the conjunction KAI connecting the names "Tyre" and "Sidon " for the preposition AI A, — a mistake by no means unnatural. A subsequent copyist, thinking it more suitable to have the verb rJX^ev precede rather than follow the phrase " through Sidon," made the transposition; hence the reading "came through Sidon." After a while some other copyist or reader, finding Jesus spoken of in verse 31 as having gone forth " from the borders of Tyre," and not from the borders " of Tyre and Sidon," felt it necessary to correct what he considered an error in verse 24, by omitting or erasing the words " and Sidon." But this error, not being found in the older copies from which J^, B, the Memphitic, and a few other versions were taken, does not appear in these documents, though it does in their later allies, D, L, A, etc. This is the obvious genesis of these readings, and it satisfactorily accounts for the testimony of the manuscripts in which they appear. The reading of the Received Text in verse 31 — " .And again departing from the borders of Tyre and Sidon, he came unto the sea of Gahlee through the midst of the borders of Decapolis," — is attested by A (C is defective), E, F, G, H, K, M, N, S, U, V, W, X, r, n, nearly all the cursives, one copy {q) of the Old Latin, the Peshito and Philoxenian Syriac, the Gothic, Armenian, Persic (of the Polyglot), and Slavonic. (The Peshito Syriac, however, reads " to the border of Decapolis" instead of " through " etc.) This reading is as much superior to the other as can well be conceived; and its simplicity, naturalness, perspicuity, and apparent correspondence to facts bear ample corroborative testimony to its genuineness. When we consider that much of the copying of the early manuscripts was done in Egypt by persons ignorant of the geography and other peculiarities of Palestine and Phenicia, we need not wonder at the frequent erroneous readings that occur in them.
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Steven Avery

Administrator
Three issues were covered in old IIDB posts:

used this search
http://bcharchive.org
https://earlywritings.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=130883&hilit=Tyre+Sidon+Mark+Gerasa#p130883
Steven Avery and Praxeus

============================

Geographical Errors in Mark and J.P. Holding - 2004 - 5 pages
https://bcharchive.org/2/thearchives/showthreadc76a-3.html?t=80093
No SA

Dating of Mark [before 70 CE?] - 2005 - 6 pages
https://bcharchive.org/2/thearchives/showthread54e4-2.html?t=126528&page=6
my posts p. 5-6 - not really geography
praxeus and steven avery
post 57 on traditional Mark ending scholarship

Textus Receptus vs. Alexandrian texts [Split from "Dating of Mark] - 4 pages - 2005
https://bcharchive.org/2/thearchives/showthread30b1.html?t=126832
my thread split .. find dating of Mark
has swine marathon

Josephus, Gadara, and "country of Gadarenes" - 06-2005 - 3 pages
https://bcharchive.org/2/thearchives/showthreaddd96-2.html?t=126813&page=3
Minna passed in 2005
many posts with urls to maps!

Biblical authenticity - 2006 - 24 pages
https://bcharchive.org/2/thearchives/showthreadd8ca-3.html?t=178463&page=18
2006 Steven Avery posts
p. 17 (pic), 18 and more
1735612236214.png


Mark 10 - Geographical Error? - 2010
https://bcharchive.org/2/thearchives/showthread7863.html?t=280935
minor, Kirby shows that it is no error

Mark 7 - Geographical Error? - 2010
https://bcharchive.org/2/thearchives/showthreade9df.html?t=280925
16 pages - NOTSRI p. 4 - no SA posts

Kartagraphy Markoff, Missing the Mark. Did "Mark" Get Any Geography Right? - 2011
https://bcharchive.org/2/thearchives/showthread4fb9.html?t=311124&goto=nextnewest
3 pages - no SA posts ?

More recent:

Kartagraphy Markoff. Did "Mark" Get Any Geography Right? - 2022
Origen quotes Mark "Jesus came from Nazareth in Galilee"
https://earlywritings.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=130883#p130883
check p. 3 and 13 -- I have links there for Mark 7:31 in Linkman
Schmuel! from Wallach

Hermeneutics on Mark - 2024
https://earlywritings.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=13085
 
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Steven Avery

Administrator
Samuel Worcestor Whitney

Many IIDB, FRDB, BCHF posts.

Yuri Kuchinsky

Count of Manuscripts - Muenster, et al


Many Skeptics listed
Attempted responses - Tektonics, Sam Shamoun
 
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Steven Avery

Administrator
Decapolis

Matthew 4:25 (AV)
And there followed him great multitudes of people from Galilee,
and from Decapolis,
and from Jerusalem,
and from Judaea,
and from beyond Jordan.

Mark 5:20 (AV)
And he departed,
and began to publish in Decapolis how great things Jesus had done for him:
and all men did marvel.

Mark 7:31 (AV)
And again, departing from the coasts of Tyre and Sidon,
he came unto the sea of Galilee,
through the midst of the coasts of Decapolis.
 

Steven Avery

Administrator
problem with Mark's geography? Not quite... (Mk 7:31) (2006)
by Yuri Kuchinsky
https://web.archive.org/web/20060521133936/http://www.trends.ca/~yuku/bbl/geogr.htm

Greetings, friends,

How well did the author of Mark's Gospel know the geography of Israel? This is the question that scholars have been debating for a long time. And it's been often said in recent scholarship that the author of Mark was quite ignorant about Israeli geography. (Howard C. Kee, Community of the New Age, p.102-103, offers a good capsule discussion of this.)

But, at the same time, not all such accusations are justified, in my humble opinion... And the following, in regard to Mark 7:31, is a case in point. I've been investigating some of the geographical indicators in the gospels recently, of course, so this is how I came across this very interesting item.

So now, I will quote from a sceptical website, that accuses the author of Mark of being ignorant about the geography of Galilee. But, in actual fact, the problem seems to be not as much with "Mark's ignorance", as with the stupidity of modern Textual Critics, who still insist on printing this verse in its very late and corrupt Alexandrian form... Because, as it turns out, neither many of the Western texts, nor KJV have this problem!

http://www.answering-christianity.com/scholars_refute.htm

This anonymous book (Gospel according to St
Mark--whoever that is) also suffers from massive
geographical problems. Mark 7:31 says that Jesus
and his disciples journeyed "out from the borders of
Tyre ... through Sidon, to the sea of Galilee, through
the midst of the borders of Decapolis." This is
geographically nonsensical. "How many have been
the headaches of commentators, trying to make
sense out of that!" [H. Anderson, The Gospel of
Mark, NCB (London, 1976).


Also cited by Wells, The Historical Evidence for
Jesus, p. 230
. The journey described is like
"travelling from Cornwall to London by way of
Manchester" (A.E.J. Rawlinson, Westminster
Commentary);
as cited in D.E. Nineham, The
Gospel of Saint Mark
(Penguin New Testament
Commentaries, 1963), p. 203. An American
example might be to go from Los Angeles to San
Diego by way of Santa Barbara; or, New York to
Philadelphia by way of Baltimore.]

[unquote]

So, yes, there's quite a problem here for the supporters of Alexandrian text, which is the basis for most English translations today, including RSV, NIV, etc. But, as I say, neither the King James Version, nor some of the Western texts have this problem! Here's KJV, for example,

(7:31 KJV) And again, departing from the
coasts of Tyre and Sidon, he came unto
the sea of Galilee, through the midst of
the coasts of Decapolis.

So, as we can see, Jesus isn't making any strange detours to Sidon in the KJV/Byzantine text...

And here are the Greek texts, with their differences in italics,

Byzantine Majority
kai palin exelqwn ek
twn oriwn turou kai
sidwnos
hlqen pros
thn qalassan thV
galilaiaV ana meson
twn oriwn dekapolewV

Alexandrian
kai palin exelqwn ek
twn oriwn turou hlqen
dia sidwnos eis thn
qalassan thV
galilaiaV ana meson
twn oriwn dekapolewV

As we can see, the main difference here is between kai sidwnos = Byzantine, and dia sidwnos = Alexandrian.

So it sure looks to me like the Byzantine text preserves a more original reading here. This Alexandrian version is obviously late, and was probably doctored by someone who had no idea about Israeli geography!

But how do we know that this Alexandrian version is late? Well, because this KJV/Byzantine reading is also supported by many very early Western manuscripts, including the ancient Aramaic Mark.

So here's the early support for this KJV reading,

-- The complete ancient Aramaic tradition (Old Syriac, as well as later versions),
-- the Old Latin Monacensis manuscript (q),
-- Coptic,
-- Armenian,
-- Georgian manuscripts,
-- as well as two Diatessaronic manuscripts (Arabic and Persian).

And most importantly, we also have,

-- P45, our earliest Papyrus of Mark (3rd century), supporting this Byzantine reading,
-- and one early Alexandrian manuscript (Alexandrinus) even supports it too!

So this is quite a long list of support... This Byzantine/Western reading is obviously more original than what we find in all of our "modern" Bibles.

Thus, the only remaining problem seems to be, Why all of our "modern" Bibles still go with this late Alexandrian Greek corruption here, thereby creating all sorts of problems for the Christian exegetes?

And there are also quite a few Christian fundamentalist Sola Scriptura folks who happen to trust in the authenticity of Alexandrian text... So, for this passage, their lot is truly unenviable, because they do have lots of trouble trying to explain away this late Alexandrian gaffe in Mark's gospel, as if this was really the "original text" of Mark... But why do they even try, when KJV already has the authentic early text?

As I say, so confused are our modern biblical Textual Critics, that they still seem completely blinded by the Alexandrian Frankenstein monster that their 19th century progenitors had created (after they rejected KJV). The problems with Alexandrian text are huge and many, and yet don't tell this to these Text Critical zombies like Aland et al, who have been put in charge of editing the modern editions of the Christian Scriptures.

It's for pointing out problems like this that I've been expelled from TC-List not so long ago.

All the best,

Yuri.



Rebuttal
Sam Shamoun
Imagining Geographical Errors Within The New Testament [Part 2
Raymond E. Brown
Mark 7:31 describes a journey from Tyre through Sidon to the Sea of Galilee in the midst of the Decapolis. In fact one goes SE from Tyre to the Sea of Galilee; Sidon is N for Tyre, and the description of the Sea of Galilee in the midst of the Decapolis is awkward. That a boat headed for Bethsaida (NE side of the Sea of Galilee) arrives at Gennesaret (NW side: 6:45,53) may also signal confusion. No one has been able to locate the Dalmanutha of 8:10, and it may be a corruption of Magdala.[7]

RESPONSE:

We have already quoted J.P. Holding’s responses to these alleged errors. But since the authors think that by quoting more "scholars" with similar opinions they will somehow establish the truth of their errors, we will play along with them and present additional responses. The following is a response to similar claims made by writer Ian Wilson:

"Sidon most certainly does appear to be out of the way if Jesus were going directly back northwest shore of the Sea of Galilee from which he had come. But Mark 7:31 indicates that he looped around and approached the southeast shore of the Sea of Galilee through the region called Decapolis. If you view the Sea of Galilee as a clock, Decapolis (Greek for "ten cities") was a region which bordered the sea from 3:00 to about 6:00.

Orthodox Jews did not normally travel in this area because the region was almost entirely inhabited by Gentiles and Hellenized Jews. Jesus, however, brought his disciples here immediately after their time in the regions of Tyre and Sidon. Now, an important question: What did these two regions have in common?

What they had in common was lots of Gentiles. Since Jesus is reported to have spent most of his ministry in Jewish territory, it is significant that these areas should be linked together. What Matthew and Mark are probably saying is that Jesus took his disciples on one last ministry tour through the Gentile regions. This mission would set a precedent for the disciples’ later concern regarding being His witnesses ‘even to the remotest part of them earth,’ even among the Gentiles. Beginning on the northwest shore of the Sea of Galilee, they would have traveled northwest to Tyre, northeast to Sidon, southeast to the region of Decapolis, and west to the Sea of Galilee. Far from showing ‘a lamentable ignorance’ of the geography of Palestine, the passage helps explain why Jesus did not go directly back to the northwest shore of the Sea of Galilee, the location identified as his home.

Wilson’ further contention that there was no road from Sidon to the Sea of Galilee is likewise immaterial. The gospels report numerous occasions where Jesus was going up mountains or into the wilderness to pray, and he consistently conducted his ministry in rural areas. There is therefore no reason why Jesus and the disciples could not have walked the less than twenty miles from Sidon to the Valley of Lebanon. Their route along with the south side of Mount Lebanon would not have been too difficult. Only further north are the mountains of Lebanon imposing. This route would have allowed Jesus and is disciples a more direct path around to the southeast side of Galilee." (Josh McDowell & Bill Wilson, He Walked Among Us Evidence For the Historical Jesus [Thomas Nelson Publishers, Nashville TN 1993], pp. 209-210; bold emphasis ours)


The Fourfold Gospel
J. W. McGarvey and Philip Y. Pendleton (1914)


LXVIII.
ANOTHER AVOIDING OF HEROD'S TERRITORY.
aMATT. XV. 29; bMARK VII. 31.

b31 And aJesus bagain went out. aAnd departed thence, bfrom the borders of Tyre, and came through Sidon, aand came nigh unto the sea of Galilee; bthrough the midst of the borders of Decapolis. aand he went up into a mountain, and sat down there. [From Tyre Jesus proceeded northward to Sidon and thence eastward across the mountains and the headwaters of the Jordan to the neighborhood of Damascus. Here he turned southward and approached the Sea of Galilee on its eastern side. Somewhere amid the mountains on the eastern side he sat down; i. e., he ceased his journeying for some days.] [402]
 
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Steven Avery

Administrator
1999 Debate on Mark's Geography

The earlier post seems to be unavailable.

George Albert Wells
 
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Steven Avery

Administrator
Youtube

WHY Scholars Were Wrong: Mark 7:31 through Geographical lens
Gregorian Biblical Academy
I want to look at three times the Gospel writers supposedly flunk at Palestinian geography and see if these objections really carry any weight. ... And that explanation is, suggests R. Steven Notley in an article in the Journal of Biblical Literature (128, no. 1, 2009: 183-188), that the author of this gospel was simply following a passage in the Book of Isaiah that early Christians interpreted as a prophecy of where the Messiah was to appear and perform his saving works.


 
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Steven Avery

Administrator
Bashing Mark on Geography / “Sea” of Galilee
Last updated on: March 30, 2022 at 1:29 pm
March 30, 2022 by Dave Armstrong
 
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