Steven Avery
Administrator
Internet availability of information has been a spur to study, thus when this was placed online:
University of Chicago Library, Goodspeed Manuscript Collection
Ms. 972, New Testament. Gospels. Mark (Archaic Mark). Greg. 2427. Greece? 19th or 20th century
http://goodspeed.lib.uchicago.edu/ms/index.php?doc=0972
As with Sinaiticus, that is when analysis really took off:
Chicago's "Archaic Mark" (MS 2427): A Reintroduction to Its Enigmas and a Fresh Collation of Its Readings’, (2006)
Margaret M. Mitchell and Patricia A. Duncan
http://www.jstor.org/stable/25442473?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
http://booksandjournals.brillonline.com/content/journals/10.1163/156853606775454774
Novum Testamentum 48.1 (2006): Archaic Mark (Feb 14, 2006)
Peter J. Williams
http://evangelicaltextualcriticism.blogspot.com/2006/02/novum-testamentum-481-2006-archaic.html
"Archaic Mark" (MS 2427) and the Finding of a Manuscript Fake (2006)
Stephen C. Carlson
http://www.sbl-site.org/publications/article.aspx?articleId=577
Manuscript 2427- a fake (2006)
Wieland Willker
http://www-user.uni-bremen.de/~wie/TCG/Manuscript-2427.pdf
Note that Wieland was more careful to describe the actual evidences properly than most other writers. He also has an interesting discussion of the washed nature of Vaticanus, something that is barely mentioned elsewhere. Even the retracing is given minimal ink.
Includes bibliography.
Note: the question of a Simonides resemblance was a part of the Mayer papyri discussions, and apparently has come up in the Artemidorus Papyrus analysis, as well.
Material, ink, chemical, codicological scientific study was a key element:
Minuscule 2427
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minuscule_2427
Ms 2427 was considered a parallel to Vaticanus, however it includes the traditional Mark ending.
====================================
Notes on some of the individuals:
Abigail B. Quandt - Head of Book and Paper Conservation
The Walters Art Museum 600 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 410-547-9000
http://thewalters.org/conservation/staff.aspx (also LinkedIn, Facebook)
Margaret M. Mitchell - http://divinity.uchicago.edu/margaret-m-mitchell -She will be on sabbatical in academic year 2015-2016.
Patricia A. Duncan - http://www.rel.tcu.edu/faculty_duncan.asp - Patricia (Tish) Duncan is Assistant Professor of Religion at TCU.
Joseph G. Barabe -Senior Research Microscopist -McCrone Group - https://www.mccrone.com/Joseph-G.-Barabe
McCrone Group - similarities to BAM, who was planned to do an April, 2015 test on Sinaiticus, Leipzig leaves --> cancelled
(BAM has actually a stronger reputation, and worked on the Dead Sea Scrolls, I suggest caution with McCrone public pronouncements)
Mary Carolyn Orna - Author of the The Chemical History of Color, Professor, College of New Rochelle, "Critical Thinking for Challenging Times"
====================================
Not the Gospel Truth: Modern Manuscript Forgeries and the Story of the Archimedes Palimpsest (2007)
Abigail Quandt
http://cool.conservation-us.org/coolaic/sg/bpg/annual/v26/bp26-17.pdf
Ten Years of Lessons from Imaging of the Archimedes Palimpsest (2011)
Roger L. Easton, Jr., William A. Christens-Barry, Keith T. Knox
http://www.cis.rit.edu/DocumentLibrary/admin/uploads/CIS000087.pdf
And freshening the ink was specifically referenced in terms of Tischendorf tampering.
Minuscule 2427
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minuscule_2427
====================================
Added to:
PureBibleForum - Sinaiticus
the theft and mutilation of manuscripts
http://www.purebibleforum.com/showthread.php?t=91
=========
Remember, Tischendorf 15+ years later also claimed "permission" to take the 1844 CFA leaves.
====================================
"Yet one of the few critics who has enjoyed the privilege of examining both copies, has told us that he was particularly impressed with the marks of greater age patent in the Codex Vaticanus; it looks older, and has suffered more from the ravages of time; none of its leaves seem by any means so fresh as do some portions of its rival."
The quote is almost surely Scrivener speaking of Tregelles, who afawk saw only the darkened section of Sinaiticus! The Tregelles primary source would be nice to find. If Vaticanus is 4th century, and Sinaiticus is much lesser age, then this is not 5th century. Remember, Sinaiticus is supposed to have gone through more use, corrections, rebindings than any other ms.
Christian Remembrancer (1866)
http://books.google.com/books?id=j_UDAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA391
Posted earlier - https://www.facebook.com/groups/purebible/permalink/570090116416215/
====================================
University of Chicago Library, Goodspeed Manuscript Collection
Ms. 972, New Testament. Gospels. Mark (Archaic Mark). Greg. 2427. Greece? 19th or 20th century
http://goodspeed.lib.uchicago.edu/ms/index.php?doc=0972
"Discussions about analyzing the codex began in 2005 as part of the renewed interest in the manuscript stimulated by the digitization of the Goodspeed Manuscript Collection" Chicago’s “Archaic Mark” (ms 2427) II Microscopic" - Mitchell, et al, below
As with Sinaiticus, that is when analysis really took off:
Chicago's "Archaic Mark" (MS 2427): A Reintroduction to Its Enigmas and a Fresh Collation of Its Readings’, (2006)
Margaret M. Mitchell and Patricia A. Duncan
http://www.jstor.org/stable/25442473?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
http://booksandjournals.brillonline.com/content/journals/10.1163/156853606775454774
Novum Testamentum 48.1 (2006): Archaic Mark (Feb 14, 2006)
Peter J. Williams
http://evangelicaltextualcriticism.blogspot.com/2006/02/novum-testamentum-481-2006-archaic.html
"Archaic Mark" (MS 2427) and the Finding of a Manuscript Fake (2006)
Stephen C. Carlson
http://www.sbl-site.org/publications/article.aspx?articleId=577
Manuscript 2427- a fake (2006)
Wieland Willker
http://www-user.uni-bremen.de/~wie/TCG/Manuscript-2427.pdf
Note that Wieland was more careful to describe the actual evidences properly than most other writers. He also has an interesting discussion of the washed nature of Vaticanus, something that is barely mentioned elsewhere. Even the retracing is given minimal ink.
Evangelical Textual Criticism: Archaic Mark (Greg.-Aland 2427): A Story of a Modern Forgery (2009)
Thomas Wasserman
http://evangelicaltextualcriticism.blogspot.com/2009/11/archaic-mark-greg-aland-2427-story-of.html
"there are a lot of examples of such forgeries in the 19th and early 20th century, not least in Athens."
Includes bibliography.
Evangelical Textual Criticism: “Archaic Mark” – Final Verdict
http://evangelicaltextualcriticism.blogspot.com/2010/04/archaic-mark-final-verdict.html
"I would have thought that Simonides was a good candidate. If you look at the portrait of Mark (Nov. Test, p. 117), there are some similarities with Simonides’ portraits elsewhere ..." Peter M. Head
Note: the question of a Simonides resemblance was a part of the Mayer papyri discussions, and apparently has come up in the Artemidorus Papyrus analysis, as well.
Material, ink, chemical, codicological scientific study was a key element:
Chicago’s “Archaic Mark” (ms 2427) II: Microscopic, Chemical and Codicological Analyses Confirm Modern Production (2010)
Margaret M. Mitchell - Joseph G. Barabe - Abigail B. Quandt
https://www.academia.edu/621963/Chi...icological_Analyses_Confirm_Modern_Production
"Discussions about analyzing the codex began in 2005 as part of the renewed interest in the manuscript stimulated by the digitization of the Goodspeed Manuscript Collection" Chicago’s “Archaic Mark” (ms 2427) II Microscopic ...
Minuscule 2427
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minuscule_2427
Ms 2427 was considered a parallel to Vaticanus, however it includes the traditional Mark ending.
====================================
Notes on some of the individuals:
Abigail B. Quandt - Head of Book and Paper Conservation
The Walters Art Museum 600 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 410-547-9000
http://thewalters.org/conservation/staff.aspx (also LinkedIn, Facebook)
Natalie Tchernetska - no current email yet available - has written about Tischendorf ms holding, including thefts, and Archimedes Palimpsest (separate page planned, Tischendorf heisted a leaf, as he likely did on the Ephraemi Rescriptus palimpsest .. pages also planned for Vinland Map and Artemidorus Papyrus)
"Constantin Tischendorf and his Greek Manuscripts" (2013) http://www1.uni-hamburg.de/COMST/COMSt_Newsletter_5_2013.pdf p. 12-14
Note that she is a principle, with Reviel Netz, Nigel Wilson and William Noel in:
The Archimedes Palimpsest - http://www.cambridge.org/US/academi...tudies-general/archimedes-palimpsest-volume-1
And others: note the first: Abigail Quandt, John Lowden, Erik Petersen, William A. Christens-Barry, Roger L. Easton, Jr, Keith T. Knox, Uwe Bergmann, Doug Emery, Alex Lee, Michael Toth,
"Cambridge, Leipzig, Sinai: Tischendorf and Benechevitch," pp. 564–569 http://www.bibliotheca-classica.org/sites/default/files/Hyperboreus16_17_Tchernetska.pdf http://www.bibliotheca-classica.org/node/1533
And a Bibliography on Digital Image Enhancement: http://web.archive.org/web/20040201211502/http://www.cus.cam.ac.uk/~nt208/digibibl.html
Poor Condition of the Archimedes Palimpsest - (2008)
Abigail Quandt and Natalie Tchernetska looking through the palimpsest and commenting on its poor condition|
Margaret M. Mitchell - http://divinity.uchicago.edu/margaret-m-mitchell -She will be on sabbatical in academic year 2015-2016.
Patricia A. Duncan - http://www.rel.tcu.edu/faculty_duncan.asp - Patricia (Tish) Duncan is Assistant Professor of Religion at TCU.
Joseph G. Barabe -Senior Research Microscopist -McCrone Group - https://www.mccrone.com/Joseph-G.-Barabe
McCrone Group - similarities to BAM, who was planned to do an April, 2015 test on Sinaiticus, Leipzig leaves --> cancelled
(BAM has actually a stronger reputation, and worked on the Dead Sea Scrolls, I suggest caution with McCrone public pronouncements)
Mary Carolyn Orna - Author of the The Chemical History of Color, Professor, College of New Rochelle, "Critical Thinking for Challenging Times"
====================================
Not the Gospel Truth: Modern Manuscript Forgeries and the Story of the Archimedes Palimpsest (2007)
Abigail Quandt
http://cool.conservation-us.org/coolaic/sg/bpg/annual/v26/bp26-17.pdf
the evidence points to a pair of art dealers who acquired Byzantine manuscripts from their monastic owners in Greece and Turkey and sold them in Paris after having "improved" their appearance for greater profit.
Ten Years of Lessons from Imaging of the Archimedes Palimpsest (2011)
Roger L. Easton, Jr., William A. Christens-Barry, Keith T. Knox
http://www.cis.rit.edu/DocumentLibrary/admin/uploads/CIS000087.pdf
As already mentioned, four leaves were erased yet again some time after 1938, overpainted with forged icons of the four Gospels, and further distressed to appear even more aged.
Chicago’s “Archaic Mark” (ms 2427) II: Microscopic, Chemical and Codicological Analyses Confirm Modern Production (2010)
Margaret M. Mitchell - Joseph G. Barabe - Abigail B. Quandt
https://www.academia.edu/621963/Chi...icological_Analyses_Confirm_Modern_Production
"It is tempting to think that the forger may have intended his paint to crack and flake, either by applying an unstable coating to the surface (although it is unlikely that he would have known this about cellulose nitrate), or by mixing the paint with other materials such as shellac that he knew would become brittle in a relatively short period of time. Most Byzantine manuscripts exhibit moderate to extensive paint losses, so to pass his "Archaic Mark" off as an authentic work it would be logical for the forger intentionally to distress the paint layer in some way. The surfaces of the miniatures produced by the 19th/20th c. Athenian forger Pelekasis, as well as those found in the Archimedes Palimpsest (created after 1938), were scratched and rubbed in order to distress the paint layer and make it look naturally aged.
And freshening the ink was specifically referenced in terms of Tischendorf tampering.
"And I know yet further, that the codex also was cleaned with lemon-juice, professedly for the purpose of cleaning its parchments, but in reality in order to weaken the freshness of the letters, as was actually the case." http://www.purebibleforum.com/showpost.php?p=252&postcount=1
Minuscule 2427
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minuscule_2427
====================================
Added to:
PureBibleForum - Sinaiticus
the theft and mutilation of manuscripts
http://www.purebibleforum.com/showthread.php?t=91
=========
Ten Years of Lessons from Imaging of the Archimedes Palimpsest (2011)
Roger L. Easton, Jr., William A. Christens-Barry, Keith T. Knox
http://www.cis.rit.edu/DocumentLibrary/admin/uploads/CIS000087.pdf
The prayer book was used in Christian Orthodox services at the Monastery of St. Sabas in the Judean desert for hundreds of years. In the 1800s. the book was placed in the library of the Metochion of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Constantinople, where its presence was noted in 1844 by Constantin von Teschendorf, who was most famous for "borrowing" the Codex Sinaiticus from St. Catherine's Monaster}'. He published observations made during his visit to Constantinople in the book "Reise in den Orient," which was published in German in 1846 and in English translation by W.E. Shuckard as "Travels in the East" in 1847. In the book. Tischendorf noted that the bishop allowed him
"to make any use of the manuscripts I found. They were thirty in number, but they were altogether without any especial interest, with the exception of a palimpsest upon mathematics" (Tischendorf, tr. by Shuckard, 1847, p-274)
It is quite likely that this citation refers to the Archimedes palimpsest. Tischendorf apparently made use of the manuscript in a manner that was no doubt unforeseen by his host, since one leaf from the codex was found among his papers after Tischendorf s death and now resides in the Cambridge University Library as Add. 1879.23. ....
Remember, Tischendorf 15+ years later also claimed "permission" to take the 1844 CFA leaves.
====================================
"Yet one of the few critics who has enjoyed the privilege of examining both copies, has told us that he was particularly impressed with the marks of greater age patent in the Codex Vaticanus; it looks older, and has suffered more from the ravages of time; none of its leaves seem by any means so fresh as do some portions of its rival."
The quote is almost surely Scrivener speaking of Tregelles, who afawk saw only the darkened section of Sinaiticus! The Tregelles primary source would be nice to find. If Vaticanus is 4th century, and Sinaiticus is much lesser age, then this is not 5th century. Remember, Sinaiticus is supposed to have gone through more use, corrections, rebindings than any other ms.
Christian Remembrancer (1866)
http://books.google.com/books?id=j_UDAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA391
Posted earlier - https://www.facebook.com/groups/purebible/permalink/570090116416215/
====================================
Last edited: