Jan Krans acknowledges Critical Text view that Vulgate is superior to the Greek Received Text

Steven Avery

Administrator
Hi Folks,

Beyond What is Written Krans: Erasmus and Beza as Conjectural Critics of the New Testament - by Jan Krans (2006)
Let us review what can be seen as the Jan Krans attack on Erasmus, which revolves around a supposed lack of Hortian "observation" combined with "presupposition".

... it is clear from Erasmus' published Greek and Latin texts that he failed to observe the fundamental divergence between the Greek text underlying the Vulgate and the Byzantine text family. (Beyond What is Written p. 18).

The "emendations' mentioned here clearly presuppose the Vulgate as the text to be emended. (p. 14)

the roles were unevenly assigned from the start: the Vulgate was seen as part of the polluted stream, while the exclusively Greek manuscripts to which Erasmus had access represented the pristine source. (p. 16)

Note that on p. 89, Krans dances around his own "polluted stream" description of the Erasmus position.

p. 39-40 on orthodox corruptions



===========================================================================================

Allow me to give Jan Krans the benefit of one doubt. Krans clearly knows his own accusation against Erasmus is objectively without merit. Krans follows up the above with a denial of his own accusation against Erasmus of taking a presuppositional approach.

ERASMUS' OPINION ON THE GREEK TEXT
In many instances Erasmus' annotations show that he perceived text critical problems in individual texts. Whether or not he was subconsciously aware of the basic divergence that lies behind these problems, he approached them far more objectively than the above description of his motivation may suggest. He could also scold others for their naive trust in any Greek manuscript they may come across. (p. 18)

The underline part is basically Krans refuting the Krans presuppositional accusation.

Next, I want to look at the clearest case of Krans vs. Krans. (ie. Krans the accuser of Erasmus as following false presuppositions vs. the Krans who highlights the Erasmus methodological excellence. .. (emphasis added).

ANNOTATIONS
A good starting point for describing the annotations are Erasmus' own words in which he sets forth his task as an editor of the New Testament: The man who makes such advances does not follow any manuscripts which happen to come into his hands, nor does he stick to one only. He makes a selection. Not docs he rely only on ihc comparison of his manuscript authorities: he carries out careful research among the Greek and Latin commentators to lind how a passage has been read by the most reputable authorirics, how they have explained il, what measure of agreement there is between them. And even then he does not deny anyone's right to his own view unless the error is so obvious rhat it would be shameful to turn his back on it. Origcn never dared to 'correct' the New Testament, nor did I erase a single letter in the accepted copies. He suggested and shared his conjectures. I not only brought forward conjectures, bur strengthened the matter with the most trustworthy authorities. But this is a matter which I shall discuss at greater length and at a more appropriate moment. This passage illustrates the 'eclectic' method Erasmus adopted, in line with his opinion that the 'true reading' can be found only through a combination of various sources. Indeed, in the annotations, he refers time and again to both Greek and Latin manuscripts, as well as to patristic evidence..... (p. 23)

Krans specifically says that Erasmus approaches the Greek and Latin texts fairly.

Erasmus is convinced of the Graeca Veritas principle, a conviction which goes back to his discovery and publication of Valla's Annotationes, and for which he uses Jerome as an authority. This principle holds that the procedure by which the Vulgate is compared with the Greek is basically valid and useful. The results of this collatio, however, are manifold. They do not necessarily imply the vindication of the Greek text over the Latin, for all cases are special.

He also had a mind too versatile to be involved in the mechanical application of such a canon. He seems to have approached every problem anew, guided only by experience and common sense.(p. 51)

===========================================

Archived at:
[TC-Alternate-list] Jan Krans in the Hortian Fog attacks Erasmus' unawareness of Latin and Greek textual "fundamental divergence" !
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/TC-Alternate-list/message/4676

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Steven Avery

Administrator
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Textus Receptus Academy
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Here is one of the dumber comments from Jan Krans:

"In sum, it is clear from Erasmus’ published Greek and Latin texts that he failed to observe the fundamental divergence between the Greek text underlying the Vulgate and the Byzantine text family."

The reason it is dumb is because a good chunk of the book is showing exactly the opposite - that Erasmus was keenly aware of the fundamental divergence
One comment in his book was an acknowledgement that he considers the Vulgate as a superior text to the Reformation Bible (Received Text.). This is de facto the truth for any critical text (Westcott-Hort recension) dupe, since the Vulgate has a good chunk of CT corruptions, even though the Vulgate is a far superior text to the CT.

It is an admission that very few CT dupes will make. I’ll check my forum email for the quote.

Beyond What is Written (2006)
https://archive.org/stream/BeyondWh...fTheNew/BeyondWhatIsWritten#page/n27/mode/2up

ETC
https://evangelicaltextualcriticism.blogspot.com/2020/10/why-textus-receptus-cannot-be-accepted.html

YouTube Jeffrey Riddle

============================
Hi,

"is the Latin Vulgate NT superior to the Greek Byzantine/majority and the TR ?"

Does the Latin Vulgate represent autographic textual representation in a manner superior to the Greek manuscripts ?
Do any of the modern textual critics take a stand on this question ?

This was a big part of the debate over the Reformation Bible (editions from the TR) issues contra the RCC defenders of the Vulgate. The RCC claimed that preservation of the Bible text had been far superior in the Vulgate, and the Greek text could not be trusted. To some extent they accused the Greek church, even because of heresy, of tampering with the text.

The scholars of the 1500s who developed the TR (Erasmus, Stephanus and Beza) ultimately (with some nuances) considered the Greek as the fountainhead text, the basic text of the NT, since the NT was largely or completely written in Greek. Thus their Greek New Testament drew from both Greek and Latin textual preservation. Their Greek text was augmented, especially in words and phrases and verses dropped, by the Latin.

The textual debate involved Robert Bellarmine (1542-1621) on the RCC side and William Fulke (1538-1589) on the Reformation Bible side and many other scholars. It seems that this debate is barely studied or understood today, due to the paralysis of the Hortian Fog.

Note:
I am using the words "Reformation Bible" in a similar manner as Jaroslav Pelik�n and other scholars, ie. not limited to one doctrinal viewpoint. An example, the Anabaptists agreed on these same Bible editions, this was the Bible disseminated throughout Europe, in opposition to, and correction of, the Vulgate.

Note:
Since the Byzantine manuscripts are generally about 95% of the extant manuscripts, with some exception in Revelation, mathematically it is generally the case that Byzantine == majority. For the purposes here no distinction is necessary. SImilarly, since the TR and the Byzantine Greek have wide agreement, saying that Vulgate is better than one is de facto saying that it is superior to the other.

==========================================

So the question arises, where does modern textual criticism fall on this issue ?. After all, there is a continual appeal to certain Greek manuscripts as the primary sources, and the Greek manuscripts in general (especially the uncials) are given note, with almost a disdain for any Latin evidences.

In my experience this question is only looked at in reverse, trying to see how much agreement the Vulgate has with other texts. (e.g. the Vulgate agrees with the TR 40% of the time and the Critical Text 60% of the time where they differ). However, this alone is not enough data for the question on the thread.

With a little study, it is clear that modern textual scholarship, from the Hortian base, would answer:

is the Latin Vulgate NT superior to the Greek Byzantine/majority and the TR ?

with a resounding "yes" .. if approaching the question honestly and willing to give an answer. In other words, in terms of textual accuracy, the claim would be that the RCC was right, and the TR proponents were introducing an inferior text.

However, I know of only one modern version scholar who has been forthright enough to state this (almost) point-blank.

==========================================

Jan Krans of Holland is very well studied on these issues:

Here is the principle quote where Krans alludes to this Vulgate superiority.

First, much in Lorenzo Valla's style, Erasmus compared the Greek and Latin 'witnesses' variant by variant. This remained his method during the rest of his life. Therefore, while he saw many trees, the forest remained hidden from his eyes. Second, in the comparison, the roles were unevenly assigned from the start: the Vulgate was seen as part of the polluted stream, while the exclusively Greek manuscripts to which Erasmus had access represented the pristine source. Third, Erasmus never showed any interest in recensio, the evaluation and classification of manuscripts and families of manuscripts. In his time, the beginnings of such an approach existed, as the work of Angelo Poliziano or Beams Rhenanus indicates, but Erasmus steered clear of it. Finally, the idea that the Vulgate might go back to a Greek original which in many respects represents a text superior to the common Byzantine Greek manuscripts would have been simply too mind-boggling in this period.' The entire project would have been endangered, and there would have been no possibility left for Erasmus to answer his critics who were in many cases fierce defenders of the Vulgate. (Beyond What is Written Krans: Erasmus and Beza as Conjectural Critics of the New Testament - by Jan Krans (2006) p. 16-17)

Now Krans has a lot of other material where he defends and criticizes Erasmus. In that material there are some unusual aspects, such as an anachronistic attack on the Erasmus decisions based on the 19th century textual theory, as well as an implied presumption of the Critical Text as the best NT. However, that is not the point of this post, which is simply the position of Vulgate superiority over the mass of Greek manuscripts.

Incidentally, I am not sure that it is current to say that Erasmus did not consider the idea of a Vulgate lineage superiority. Remember, Erasmus was concerned that certain manuscripts, like Vaticanus, were subject to latinization.

====================

Latinizing .. on posterior to Florentine.. but Krans gives on p. 284

60 Erasmus even overcomes his prejudice against 'latinizing' Greek manuscripts when he is informed that B reads ev T(5 Hadia t& TtQOcpr|Tr| (see ASD
VI-5, p. 354 11. 77-80).

Allow me to give Jan Krans the benefit of one doubt. Krans clearly knows his own accusation against Erasmus is objectively without merit. Krans follows up the above with a denial of his own accusation against Erasmus of taking a presuppositional approach.

ERASMUS' OPINION ON THE GREEK TEXT
In many instances Erasmus' annotations show that he perceived text critical problems in individual texts. Whether or not he was subconsciously aware of the basic divergence that lies behind these problems, he approached them far more objectively than the above description of his motivation may suggest. He could also scold others for their naive trust in any Greek manuscript they may come across. (p. 18)

The underline part is basically Krans refuting the Krans presuppositional accusation.

Next, I want to look at the clearest case of Krans vs. Krans. (ie. Krans the accuser of Erasmus as following false presuppositions vs. the Krans who highlights the Erasmus methodological excellence. .. (emphasis added).

ANNOTATIONS
A good starting point for describing the annotations are Erasmus' own words in which he sets forth his task as an editor of the New Testament: The man who makes such advances does not follow any manuscripts which happen to come into his hands, nor does he stick to one only. He makes a selection. Not docs he rely only on the comparison of his manuscript authorities: he carries out careful research among the Greek and Latin commentators to lind how a passage has been read by the most reputable authorties, how they have explained il, what measure of agreement there is between them. And even then he does not deny anyone's ight to his own view unless the error is so obvious that it would be shameful to turn his back on it. Origen never dared to 'correct' the New Testament, nor did I erase a single letter in the accepted copies. He suggested and shared his conjectures. I not only brought forward conjectures, bur strengthened the matter with the most trustworthy authorities. But this is a matter which I shall discuss at greater length and at a more appropriate moment. This passage illustrates the 'eclectic' method Erasmus adopted, in line with his opinion that the 'true reading' can be found only through a combination of various sources. Indeed, in the annotations, he refers time and again to both Greek and Latin manuscripts, as well as to patristic evidence..... (p. 23)

Krans specifically says that Erasmus approaches the Greek and Latin texts fairly.

Erasmus is convinced of the Graeca Veritas principle, a conviction which goes back to his discovery and publication of Valla's Annotationes, and for which he uses Jerome as an authority. This principle holds that the procedure by which the Vulgate is compared with the Greek is basically valid and useful. The results of this collatio, however, are manifold. They do not necessarily imply the vindication of the Greek text over the Latin, for all cases are special.

He also had a mind too versatile to be involved in the mechanical application of such a canon. He seems to have approached every problem anew, guided only by experience and common sense.(p. 51)

===========================================

Archived at:
[TC-Alternate-list] Jan Krans in the Hortian Fog attacks Erasmus' unawareness of Latin and Greek textual "fundamental divergence" !
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/TC-Alternate-list/message/4676

===========================================

... it is clear from Erasmus' published Greek and Latin texts that he failed to observe the fundamental divergence between the Greek text underlying the Vulgate and the Byzantine text family. (Beyond What is Written p. 18).

The "emendations' mentioned here clearly presuppose the Vulgate as the text to be emended. (p. 14)

the roles were unevenly assigned from the start: the Vulgate was seen as part of the polluted stream, while the exclusively Greek manuscripts to which Erasmus had access represented the pristine source. (p. 16)

Note that on p. 89, Krans dances around his own "polluted stream" description of the Erasmus position.

p. 39-40 on orthodox corruptions
 
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